Definition of ATM:
An ATM is an electronic device which
allows a bank's customer to make cash withdrawals and check their account
balance at any time without the need for a human teller. Many ATMs also allow
depositing cash or cheques, transfer money between their banks. The World's
first ATM was installed in ENFIELD town in the London on June 27, 1967 by
Barclays bank.
ATMs are known by various other
names including Automated Transaction Machine, automated banking machine, cash
point (in Britain),money machine, bank machine, cash machine, hole-in-the-wall,
Bancomat (in various countries in Europe and Russia), Multibanco (after a
registered trade mark, in Portugal), and Any Time Money (in India).
An
automated teller machine or automatic teller machine (ATM), also known as an
automated banking machine (ABM) in Canada, and a Cash point (which is a
trademark of Lloyds TSB), cash machine or sometimes a hole in the wall in
British English, is a computerised telecommunications device that provides the
clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a
public space without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank teller. ATMs
are known by various other names including ATM machine, automated banking
machine, and various regional variants derived from trademarks on ATM systems
held by particular banks
Introduction
of Security Features of ATM:
Various protocols are used for
transferring information over the network in the ATM. A few of them are
explained in brief:
1. TCP (Transmission control
protocol):
- Connection oriented protocol.
- TCP is used to dynamically adapt
to properties of the internetwork & to be robust to face any failures.
2. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol):
- Simple ASCII protocol, Accepts
incoming messages & sends them to appropriate locations.
3. X.25:
- It is a standard network protocol,
Connection oriented.
- Provides flow control.
4. SNMP (Simple Network Management
Protocol):
- Used
when information in entered through the keypad
As most of the ATMs are open for 24
hrs & also all of them are not guarded, it is important to provide security
to the machine. One of the technologies is explained here.
The Electronic Signature Lock (ESL)
is a patented technology that can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or
software and used to protect digital resources, funds transfer, or physical
access. It can identify computer terminal users locally or remotely without
having to modify or attach anything to the terminal. It is completely
transparent to the users and can be used surreptitiously without their
knowledge and still uniquely identify them.
The ESL is attached to or integrated
into the protected resource, such as a computer or automatic bank teller
machine (ATM). It will identify the local or remote terminal users as impostors
even if they know all the pass words, accesscodes, and protocols for accessing
the protected resources, if they are not who they say they are, just as if
their fingerprints had been taken remotely and surreptitiously. Face
recognition or finger print recognition are also the techniques used for the
security of an ATM. In these techniques the related data is stored in the
database.
1. Modern ATM physical security
concentrate on denying the use of the money inside the machine to a thief or a
fraud using some fraud detection techniques.
2. The customer request a withdrawal
from the machine which dispenses no money but merely prints a receipt. The
customer then takes the receipt to a sales clerk and exchange it for cash.
3. An additional security measure
limits the total amount of ATM withdrawal to some particular amount.
4. This aims to reduce the amount of
fraud withdrawal.
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